What is important to know about Organisation of Life?

Organisms in which the true nucleus is absent, such as bacteria, cyanobacteria and mycoplasma, are called prokaryotes.

What is important to know about Organisation of Life?

A group of similar cells meant for a specific function forms a tissue, and several tissues together contributing to a specific function form an organ.

What is important to know about Organisation of Life?

The cell is the structural and functional unit of life; cells are called the 'building blocks of life', and their study is called cell biology.

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Organisation of Life

20 Key Points

10 MCQs

Study Material

Animals vary not only in size (from the amoeba to the blue whale) but also in the complexity of their cells, tissues and body structure. This chapter covers the levels of organisation of life, the human eye (organ level), the respiratory system (system level) and the main physiological processes.

1. Classification by Structural Organisation

Group	Feature	Examples
Prokaryotes	True nucleus is absent	Bacteria, cyanobacteria, mycoplasma
Eukaryotes	Cells with a well-defined nucleus covered by membrane	Plants and animals
Unicellular organisms	Single cell body	Yeasts and amoeba
Multicellular organisms	Made of a large number of cells	Plants, animals and human beings

2. Biological Organisation

Key Points (20)

1
Organisms in which the true nucleus is absent, such as bacteria, cyanobacteria and mycoplasma, are called prokaryotes.
2
A group of similar cells meant for a specific function forms a tissue, and several tissues together contributing to a specific function form an organ.
3
The cell is the structural and functional unit of life; cells are called the 'building blocks of life', and their study is called cell biology.

Practice MCQs (10)

Test your knowledge with these practice questions.

Q1. Which part of the eye is a tough and thick white sheath known as the 'white of the eye'?

A. Cornea

B. Sclera

C. Conjunctiva

D. Iris

Q2. Which of the following is a prokaryote, in which the true nucleus is absent?

A. Cyanobacteria

B. Amoeba

C. Elephant

D. Ostrich

Q3. Which one of the following anabolic changes is correctly matched?

A. Glucose → Amino acid

B. Protein → Glycogen

C. Fatty acids → Cholesterol and other steroids

D. Carbohydrates → Enzymes and hormones

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