Magnets are objects of stone, metal or other material which have the property of attracting metals like iron, cobalt and nickel. The attracting property of a magnet is called magnetism, and it is either natural or induced. The branch of physics which deals with the property of a magnet is also called magnetism. Today magnets are used in refrigerators, computers, car engines, elevators and many other devices.
1. History of Magnets
- The earliest evidence for magnets is found in a region of Asia Minor called Magnesia.
- It is believed that the Chinese knew the property of the magnet even before 200 B.C.
- The Chinese used a magnetic compass for navigation in 1200 A.D. Use of magnets in compasses made long-distance sailing easier.
- In ancient times, seamen used the magnet in the form of a 'direction stone' to find directions during a voyage.