Field work is defined as "the process of observing and collecting data about the natural and manmade environment". The study area of geographers is vast: theoretical knowledge can be learned in the class room through teaching, books, journals, maps and the internet, but the practical aspects can be acquired only in the field through surveys. This chapter covers the need for field work, the three stages of the field work process and the steps of writing a field report.
1. Field Work in Geography
- Geography is divided into two main branches: physical geography and human or cultural geography.
- Field work helps in bringing about a better understanding of the subject for a student of geography.
- In the case of understanding physical geography, field work becomes inevitable.
2. Need for Field Work
- Field work facilitates direct observation of the study area (local area) and the collection of original information.
- Field observation along with class room teaching helps students understand geographical concepts better.
- Repeated field observation of the same place at regular intervals helps to understand the changing patterns or trends of a phenomenon. Examples: quality and growth of vegetation during different seasons; changes in water level in a tank, reservoir or well before and after monsoon.
- Field work improves the power of observation among students.
- Field trips can kindle the spirit of enquiry among students.
- It improves the student's skill of map reading, map drawing, field sketching and use of some geographical instruments.
- It is an opportunity to experience and adapt to various environments.
- It helps to enhance the student's view about the subject and to care for the environment.